Voluntary emission regulations for non-road engines by LEMA
Brief summary of the voluntary regulation of LEMA
As a measure of LEMA for its basic aim to cope with environment problem positively, LEMA has put its voluntary emission regulation in force for SI and CI engines less than 19 kW.
Fundamental requirements of regulation, such as emission limits, duty cycle and test procedure, have been basically introduced from those applied in the United States for same type of engines. Because Europe Union has also introduced that of the United States too, the requirements of LEMA are, therefore, harmonised internationally. Recognising this status, the Central Environment Council, which is to plan the basic programme of the environmental issues in Japan, reports in its recommendation to the minister of the Environment on 2005 and on 2008 that it is desirable that this voluntary programme of the emission regulation by LEMA are to be prepared and to be steadily in operation by the related industries. By this, it is clear that the voluntary emission regulation by LEMA is duly recognised in Japan.
The voluntary regulation has been started on 2003 for SI engines and on 2006 for CI engines. The rules and guideline on the detailed procedure, such as the measurement of the emissions, the format of data submission to LEMA office and so on, have been prepared as the rule-book by LEMA. The engine industries, as a member of LEMA, are to carry out the engines testing by themselves and report the test date to LEMA office. The submitted data are analysed by the secretariat of LEMA office so as to understand the status to cope the voluntary regulation by the member industries and to prepare the summarised report annually, which will be given publicity so as to keep the transparency of this programme.
The engines to be applied in this programme are those to be installed in non-road mobile machineries, such as construction machineries, agricultural machineries and industrial machineries and not used in the motor vehicles, such as passenger cars, trucks and buses. The engine to be used in other than self-propelling machines, such as generator-sets, brush-cutters, chain-saws. The applicable engines are shown in coloured cells in the following table. These engines are known as nor-road mobile machineries in the United States and European countries.
| Machineries to be installed | Land-use non-road machineries | Motor vehicle | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Transportable (Handheld or Non-handheld) | Never operated on public road | May be operated on public road | ||||
| 19 < kW | 19 ≥ kW | 19 < kW | 19 ≥ kW | |||
| Legislative control | no | no | Act for NSMV | no | Motor Vehicles Act | Motor Vehicles Act |
| Setting limits | no | no | Air pollution Control Law | no | Air pollution Control Law | Air pollution Control Law |
| Voluntary regulation of LEMA | applied | applied | no | applied | no | no |
Notes ;
: The colored cells show the engine applicable to the voluntary regulations by LEMA, which are gasoline and diesel engines less than 19 kW. The engines applicable to the registration system of the low emission construction machines are not applied to the voluntary regulation by LEMA.
The labels of the voluntary regulation
The voluntary regulation is carried out independently by LEMA and the participants are the engine manufactures, who are the members of LEMA. There are two types of labels, coloured and black-and-white, prepared to show the compliance with the requirements of this voluntary regulation. The participants are able to select either and may attach those labels on their products.
Emission standards of the voluntary regulation
Gasoline engine
For gasoline engines, the regulation started on January 2003. The following standards are applied at present (Corrected on February 23, 2012)
| For non-handheld | Swept volume in cm3. | Limits (g/kWh) | Test mode | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HC+NOX | CO | |||
| For the engines less than 19 kW | less than 66 | 50 | 610 | Steady 2-modes |
| At or above 66 and less than 100 | 40 | 610 | Steady 6-mode | |
| At or above 100 and less than 225 | 16.1 | 610 | ||
| At or above 225 | 12.1 | 610 | ||
| For handheld | Swept volume in cm3. | Limits (g/kWh) | Test mode | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HC+NOX | CO | |||
| For the engines less than 19 kW | less than 20 | 50 | 805 | Steady 2-modes |
| At or above 20 and less than 50 | 50 | 805 | ||
| At or above 50 | 72 | 603 | ||
Diesel engine
For diesel engines, the regulation started on January 2006. The following standards are applied for the time being.
| Power (kW) | Emission limits (g/kWh) | Smoke limits (%) | Test mode | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NMHC+NOX | CO | PM | Acc. | Lug | Peak | ||
| less than 8 | 7.5 | 8 | 0.4 | 20 | 15 | 50 | For variable speed; 6-mode For constant speed; 5-mode |
| At or above 8 and less than 19 | 7.5 | 6 | 0.4 | 20 | 15 | 50 | |
